\def\IgnoreLineBreaks{\catcode'15=9     \catcode'12=9}
\def\IgnoreWhiteSpace{\catcode'11=9 \catcode'40=9 \IgnoreLineBreaks}
\def\DontIgnoreWhiteSpace{\catcode'12=\active\catcode'15=5\catcode'11=10\catcode'40=10}

%\font \pipefont= lcirclew10
\font \pipefont= circle10

\font \foofont = cmr10
%\font \foofont = amr10

\IgnoreWhiteSpace

\let \adv=\advance
\def\he{height}
\def\wi{width}
\def\de{depth}

\newdimen \stroke       
\stroke= \fontdimen8\pipefont   % thickness of line in circles
\newdimen \radius       \radius=6pt     % radius of circles

\newdimen\irad \irad=\radius\advance\irad by -.5\stroke
\newdimen\orad \orad=\radius\advance\irad by  .5\stroke

\newbox\BStrutbox

\setbox\BStrutbox\hbox{\vrule\wi0pt\he10pt\de10pt}
\def\BoxStrut{\unhcopy\BStrutbox}

% Arrows

\newdimen\ArrowShift
\ArrowShift=\fontdimen22\tensy
\advance\ArrowShift by -0.5\stroke

\def\StrikeOut #1
{       \setbox0\hbox{#1}
        \hbox to 1\wd0
        {       \vrule \he\stroke\de0pt\wi\wd0
                \hskip-\wd0
                \unhbox0
        }
}

\def\LeftArrow
{       \hskip 0.5\stroke
        \StrikeOut{\lower\ArrowShift\hbox to 10pt{\tensy\char'40\hss}}
}

\def\RightArrow
{       \StrikeOut{\lower\ArrowShift\hbox to 10pt{\hss\tensy\char'41}}
        \hskip 0.5\stroke
}

\def\ArrowLine
{       \StrikeOut{\hskip 10pt\hskip 0.5\stroke}
}

\def\LeftToRight
{       \let\RightSideArrow=\ArrowLine
        \let\LeftSideArrow=\RightArrow
}

\def\RightToLeft
{       \let\LeftSideArrow=\ArrowLine
        \let\RightSideArrow=\LeftArrow
}

\def\NoArrows
{       \let\LeftSideArrow=\ArrowLine
        \let\RightSideArrow=\ArrowLine
}
% boxes around words

\let\NonterminalFont=\tenrm

\newbox\TStrutbox
\setbox0\hbox{\NonterminalFont{Bg}}
\setbox\TStrutbox\hbox{\vrule\wi0pt\he\ht0\de\dp0}
\def\TextStrut{\unhcopy\TStrutbox}

\def\HorzLine{\hrule \he \stroke \de 0pt}
\def\HFil{\leaders\HorzLine\hfil}
\def\HFill{\leaders\HorzLine\hfill}

\def\Nonterminal#1
{\setbox1\vbox to 0pt{
        \vss
        \hbox{\TextStrut\NonterminalFont\space#1\space\hskip-\stroke}
        \vss}
        \hbox{
        \BoxStrut
        \LeftSideArrow
        \lower\irad\vbox{
                \TopSquare
                \copy1
                \BotSquare}
        \RightSideArrow}
}

\def\TopSquare
{       \hbox{
        \vrule\he\stroke\de\irad\wi\stroke
        \vrule\he\stroke\de0pt\wi\wd1
        \vrule\he\stroke\de\irad\wi\stroke}
}

\def\BotSquare
{       \hbox{
        \vrule\he\orad\de0pt\wi\stroke
        \vrule\he\stroke\de0pt\wi\wd1
        \vrule\he\orad\de0pt\wi\stroke}
}

\def\\#1{\Nonterminal{#1}\HFil}
\def\last#1{{\def\RightSideArrow{}\Nonterminal{#1}}}

% piping

%\def\foo{\rlap{\foofont\char'40}}
\def\foo{\null}

\def\FulVert{\vrule             \wi\stroke\foo\hskip-\stroke}
\def\TopVert{\vrule\de-\irad    \wi\stroke\foo\hskip-\stroke}
\def\BotVert{\vrule\he-\orad    \wi\stroke\foo\hskip-\stroke}

\def\Center#1,#2.
{\hskip\radius\foo#1\lower.5\stroke\hbox{\pipefont#2}\hskip\radius}

\def\ru{\char'10\hskip -2\radius}
\def\rd{\char'11\hskip -2\radius}
\def\ld{\char'12\hskip -2\radius}
\def\lu{\char'13\hskip -2\radius}
\def\thru{\hskip-\radius\vrule\he\stroke\de0pt\wi2\radius\hskip\radius\hskip-2\radius}

\def\Center#1,#2.
{\foo\hskip\radius#1{\pipefont#2\unskip}\hskip-\radius}

\def\LT{\Center\BotVert,\lu.}
\def\LU{\Center\FulVert,\lu.}
\def\LL{\Center\FulVert,\ld.}
\def\LB{\Center\TopVert,\ld.}
\def\LMid{\Center\TopVert\BotVert,\rd\ru\thru.}
\def\LMU{\Center\TopVert,\rd\thru.}
\def\LML{\Center\BotVert,\ru\thru.}
\def\LFD{\Center\FulVert,\ru\thru.}
\def\LS{\Center\TopVert\BotVert,\rd\ru.}

\def\RT{\Center\BotVert,\ru.}
\def\RU{\Center\FulVert,\ru.}
\def\RL{\Center\FulVert,\rd.}
\def\RB{\Center\TopVert,\rd.}
\def\RMid{\Center\TopVert\BotVert,\ld\lu\thru.}
\def\RMU{\Center\TopVert,\ld\thru.}
\def\RML{\Center\BotVert,\lu\thru.}

\def\Cross{\Center\FulVert,\thru.}
\def\LR{\Center,\thru.}
\def\TB{\Center\FulVert,.}
%  ShiftBox

\newbox\x
\newbox\y
\newbox\tempy
\newbox\z
\newbox\tempz

\def\ShiftBox#1{
\savemod
\saverulebox
\setbox\x
\vbox{  \everycr{\noalign{{\modifyrulebox\global\setbox\z\hbox{}}}}
        \halign{&\setbox\x\hbox{##}
        \global \setbox\z\hbox{\unhbox\z\vrule\he\ht\x\de\dp\x\wi0pt}
                \unhbox\x
                \cr
                #1}}%
\lower\ht\y\box\x\HFil
\restoremod
\restorerulebox
}

\def\saverulebox{
        \setbox\tempy\box\y
\global \setbox\y\vbox{}
        \setbox\tempz\box\z
\global \setbox\z\hbox{}
}

\def\restorerulebox{
\global \setbox\y\box\tempy
\global \setbox\z\box\tempz
}

\def\topmod{}

\def\thisrow{\global\let\modifyrulebox\firstmod}

\def\firstmod{
        \global\setbox\y\vbox{\hrule\he0pt\wi0pt\de\dp\z}
        \global\let\modifyrulebox\latermod
}
\def\latermod{
        \global\setbox\y\vbox{\unvbox\y\hrule\he\ht\z\de\dp\z\wi0pt}
}
\def\savemod{            
        \let\tempmod\modifyrulebox
\global \let\modifyrulebox\topmod
}
\def\restoremod{
\global\let\modifyrulebox\tempmod
}

\DontIgnoreWhiteSpace